Agency Dictionary
Dopamine
nounPronunciation: /ˈdoʊ.pəˌmiːn/
In Portuguese: Dopamina
What does “Dopamine” mean?
A neurotransmitter that plays a major role in the brain's reward, motivation, and motor control pathways. In creative psychology, it is associated with the thrill of insight and execution.
Etymology
A chemical name of the mid 20th century, formed from dopa and amine. Dopa is the short name of the amino acid dihydroxyphenylalanine, from which the body makes the substance; amine is the class of nitrogen compounds to which it belongs. The word has no connection with dope. Its popular use, for the pleasure of reward and anticipation, spread from neuroscience into everyday speech at the turn of the 21st century.
Usage note
Popular phrases such as "dopamine hit" and "dopamine dump" treat the substance as pleasure itself. In neuroscience it is tied more closely to motivation and the expectation of reward, and also to the control of movement.
Often confused with
- serotonin
- Serotonin is another neurotransmitter, linked mainly to mood, sleep and appetite; dopamine is linked to reward and motivation.
Word family
- dopaminergic
- dopa
- levodopa
Usage examples
To get an idea out of my head and turn it into a reality is a serious dopamine dump.
Concept
Source editions
Where this entry comes from in the Agency editorial.
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